First known as Commander's In-extremis Force (CIF), then Crisis Response Forces (CRF), they are now supplanted by Hard-Target Defeat (HTD) companies. To enhance their DA capability, specific units were created with a focus on the direct action side of special operations. As strategic resources, they report either to USSOCOM or to a regional Unified Combatant Command. While they are best known for their unconventional warfare capabilities, they also undertake other missions that include direct action raids, peace operations, counter-proliferation, counter-drug advisory roles, and other strategic missions. Special Forces personnel qualify both in advanced military skills and the regional languages and cultures of defined parts of the world.
became involved in Southeast Asia, it was realized that specialists trained to lead guerrillas could also help defend against hostile guerrillas, so SF acquired the additional mission of Foreign Internal Defense (FID), working with Host Nation (HN) forces in a spectrum of counter-guerrilla activities from indirect support to combat command. The 10th Special Forces Group was the first deployed SF unit, intended to train and lead UW forces behind enemy lines in the event of a Warsaw Pact invasion of Western Europe. The primary mission of the Army Special Forces is to train and lead unconventional warfare (UW) forces, or a clandestine guerrilla force in an occupied nation. Mission Special Forces soldiers from Task Force Dagger and Commander Dostum on horseback in the Dari-a-Souf Valley, Afghanistan, circa October 2001-featured in the film 12 Strong and the Horse Soldier Statue Joint CIA–Army Special Forces operations go back to the unit MACV-SOG during the Vietnam War, and were seen as recently as the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021). The Central Intelligence Agency's (CIA) highly secretive Special Activities Center, and more specifically its Special Operations Group (SOG), recruits from U.S. Instead, while in theater, SF units may report directly to a geographic combatant command, USSOCOM, or other command authorities. Īs special operations units, Special Forces are not necessarily under the command authority of the ground commanders in those countries.
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Many of their operational techniques are classified, but some nonfiction works and doctrinal manuals are available. The Special Forces conduct these missions via seven geographically focused groups. government activities may also specialize in these secondary missions. Other components of the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) or other U.S. Other Special Forces missions, known as secondary missions, include combat search and rescue (CSAR), counter-narcotics, hostage rescue, humanitarian assistance, humanitarian demining, peacekeeping, and manhunts. The unit emphasizes language, cultural, and training skills in working with foreign troops recruits are required to learn a foreign language as part of their training and must maintain knowledge of the political, economic, and cultural complexities of the regions in which they are deployed. They are capable of hostage rescue and combat search and rescue if they are needed. The Green Berets are geared towards nine doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, direct action, counterterrorism, counterinsurgency, special reconnaissance, information operations, counterproliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and security force assistance. The United States Army Special Forces ( SF), colloquially known as the " Green Berets" due to their distinctive service headgear, are a special operations force of the United States Army.
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